108學年第1學期課程綱要

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一、課程基本資料
開課序號 1027 課程學制
科目代碼 06UG021 課程名稱 宇宙中的生命與太空環境
英文名稱 Life in the Universe and the Space Environments
全/半年 必/選修 通識
學分數 2.0 每週授課時數 正課時數: 2 小時
開課系級 通識
領域類別 97-105入學:科學與生命 ;106-108入學:科學與生命
課程簡介 本通識課程主要是讓學生們可以知道目前人類對於宇宙中具有生命跡象的瞭解以及現今和未來人類環境技術的發展。
課程目標 對應基本素養
1. 讓學生認識地球生命環境的限制,然後再加以推廣到搜尋外太空適合生命存在的環境。培養學生能夠分辨所得到資訊的真實性。 學士:
 5 科學思辨與資訊素養
2. 讓學生能夠主動的尋找資訊。 學士:
 6 主動探究與終身學習
3. 讓學生學瞭解目前人類航天技術的發展以及限制。學生在瞭解航天技術的基本知識後,再深入地討論人類怎麼去解決現有的技術限制。透過這些介紹讓學生可以擁有創新以及解決問題的能力。 學士:
 7 創新領導與問題解決
4. 讓學生能夠瞭解生命的起源以及生命起源所需要的環境。透過目前的觀測讓學生瞭解地球環境的重要性與資源的分配與善用。思考如何讓社會在土地,環境和資源上都能共享並且發揮最大貢獻。 學士:
 8 社會關懷與公民實踐

二、教學大綱
授課教師 橋本康弘
教學進度與主題
Are their any Extra-Terrestrial Life out there in the Universe ? 


 

1. Goal of the course:

    Searching for the life in the Universe and investigating the necessary conditions about existence of the  life in the Universe is one of the most fundamental and outstanding astronomical questions human can ask.

    Those questions will not only broaden our knowledge about extraterrestrial world, but more importantly, our knowledge about ourselves. The necessary conditions, and therefore the significance and fragility of our existence in the space and time can be only proved by investigating the alien world.

    To research the life in the Universe will have a deep impact on students` knowledge and attitude towards the future technology and environmental problems on Earth, as well.


2. Contents and Schedules:

    ◆Introduction  

                  .What is human?  What is the life?

                  .What defines the life on Earth?  Need red blood ? 

                  .Scientific and non-scientific bias: Must they be similar to life on Earth?

                  .History of extra-terrestrial life search

                  .Extreme Biology on Earth: Life in hostile environments

                      .Earth bacteria can survive in space ?

                  .Asteroids in Antarctic: Life from Mars?

 

    Life in the Solar System: Life in the Neighborhood

                  .Moon

                  .Venus and global warming: Was Venus habitable before?

                  .Mars: Do we have water ? Are Martians there ?

                  .Jupiter atmosphere --Possible life floating in the air ?

                  .Galileo moons around Jupiter -- Salt water ocean? Fish swimming?

                  .Titan: A giant moon with thick atmosphere around Saturn. Methane lake ?

                  .Enceladus: Saturn's moon with  liquid water. 

                  .Comets and Asteroids:  Water in comets ? DNA in comets ?

                  .Interplanetary space

 

    Astrobiology by Space Missions and Probes: Sending Robot Astronomers

                  .Viking 1 and 2: First "little Martian" search

                  .Path-Finder: First mobile robot- scientists

                  .Spirit and Opportunity: Working 10 years on Mars

                  .Phoenix: Landing on the Martian ice

                  .Curiosity Rover: Modern robot biologist that discovered water on Mars

                  .Stardust/Hayabusa: Bringing dusts back to Earth

                  .Voyager I and II: Voyage to the outer planets

                  .Galileo: Monitoring Galileo moons

                  .Cassini and Huygens lander: Landing on methane ocean

                  .Future Europa mission: First Ice-braker and Submarine to search for fish

 

 

    Human Mission to Mars: Can we send people to Mars?

                  .Oxygen, Water, Food supply  (Bringing food for 10 people for three years mission ?)

                  .Current shortest duration plan

                  .Current park-orbit plan

 

    Search for Ingredients of Life:

                  .Water, Methane, Oxygen, CO2, and Amino Acids

                  .Sample return mission

                  .Spectroscopic analysis of organic molecules

 

    Exoplanets: Planets around other Suns

                  .Binary stars and brown dwarfs: Twin Sun and Too small Sun.

                  .Hot Jupiters: Easy-to-find planets, but is it too hot ?

                  .Habitable Zones: Not too hot, not too cold

                  .Direct method and corona graph: How to see planets, directly?

                  .Eclipsing, transit, and  micro-lensing: Find a Sun 'blinking'

                  .Pulsar decay:  Nobel prize winner

                  .Radial velocity methods: Watch Sun to move

                  .Gliese system (Gliese 581d): First good candidate

                  .Future experiments: Find small planets around small stars

 

    Technology of Space Travel (Let's go Interstellar space!)

                  .Early rocket and liquid fuel rocket: Modern rockets

                  .Solid motors: Old technology with new idea

                  .Gravitational assist: How to accelerate without gasoline

                  .Atmospheric brake: How to slow down

                  .Ion engine: small but long push

                  .Solar sailor: Catching 'solar wind`

                  .Nuclear engine

                  .Special relativity and time delay: Time machine

                  .General relativity and singularity in the space-time continuum: Worm hole ? A Tunnel to travel through ?

 

   Long Term Influence from Space Environments: Can human survive in the space?

                  .Solar wind and Galactic cosmic rays: Risk for Cancer?

                  .Calcium depletion and loss of the muscle

                  .Oxygen, Water, and Food supplies: Need to bring 'a small Earth' ?

                  .Mental effects: Home sick in space or new generation of 'space born' people ?

                  .Evolutions.. Space station experiments: Can life adapt to the space environments

 

    Probability of Extraterrestrial Life in the Universe: Are really someone there?

                  .Minkowski space and light cone: The Universe  is too big to communicate? 

                  .Drake`s equation: Calculate the percentage of life

                  .Can we communicate to the alien ?

 

 

    Probing the edge of the solar system and sending message beyond

                  .Pioneer 10 and 11: First messengers

                  .Voyager I and II: Golden records

                  .New Horizons: Mission beyond Kuiper Belt

 

    SETI: Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence

                  .SETI

                  .Communicating via Radio

                  ."Message from Earth" and "Hello from Earth"

 

開課理由:

 

     一方面課程從環境演化的角度來認識生命的演化,也透過人類科技的進步,來探討我們目前正在推行的探索任務,其進展與思考在未來可透過哪些科技的發展,可以加速我們的探索任務。

現在居住環境的擁擠與地球資源逐漸的耗竭,許多太空科學技術紛紛對於尋找新的居住環境的探索發展,而本課程將從生命的起源去了解我們維持生命的需要,以及尋找開發新的環境與資源而進一步能延續生命與社會發展。

本課程透過科技的角度來讓學生能了解基本的科學素養,以致於在這資訊普及的時代,能去思考與討論所接收到的新聞事件或網路傳聞等,與有能力判斷其可信度與真偽。

教學方法
方式 說明
講述法 以Power Point或講義
討論法 課堂上學生可依學習之情形,對課程之瞭解程度,向教師提出問題與討論。
問題解決教學 在課堂上、作業中已包含問題解決教學
評量方法
方式 百分比 說明
作業 40 %  
期中考 30 % 知識部分與能力部分各佔50%
期末考 30 % 知識部分與能力部分各佔50%
參考書目  

自編講義與教材

Text Books:

     None.

 

Reference books and Recommended readings:

Life in the Universe

J. O. Bennett and S. Shostak

Addison-Wesley  2012

The Search for Life in the Universe

D. Goldsmith and Tobias Owen

University Science Books 2001

Life in the Universe

J. N. Pierce

Brown Walker 2008

Cosmos

Carl Sagan

Random House, New York 1980

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